1. Initial Consultation and Examination
During the first visit, your dentist will conduct a comprehensive examination, which includes:
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A review of your medical and dental history.
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X-rays or 3D imaging to assess the condition of your jawbone and surrounding structures.
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A discussion about your treatment goals and expectations.
2. Treatment Planning
Based on the examination, the dentist will develop a personalised treatment plan. This plan outlines the type and number of implants needed, the timeline of the procedure, and any preparatory treatments required, such as bone grafting if there is insufficient bone density.
3. Tooth Extraction (if necessary)
If you have a damaged or decayed tooth that needs to be replaced, it will be extracted. This can be done during the same appointment as the implant placement or in a separate visit, depending on your specific case.
4. Bone Grafting (if necessary)
In cases where the jawbone is not thick enough or too soft to support the implant, a bone graft may be necessary. This involves adding bone material to the jaw to create a solid base for the implant. Healing time for bone grafting can vary, typically ranging from a few weeks to several months​ (URMC Rochester)​.
5. Implant Placement
Once the jawbone is ready, the dental implant placement procedure begins:
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Anaesthesia: Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the area.
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(Incision: The dentist makes an incision in the gum to expose the bone) optional- fully guided surgery does not need an incision.
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Drilling: A hole is drilled into the bone where the implant will be placed.
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Insertion: The titanium implant post is inserted into the drilled hole.
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(Stitching: The gum is stitched closed over the implant, allowing it to heal and integrate with the bone (a process called osseointegration)- fully guided surgery may not need stitching.
6. Healing and Osseointegration
The healing period typically lasts several months (usually 3 to 6 months). During this time, the implant fuses with the jawbone, forming a stable foundation for the artificial tooth. Temporary crowns or dentures can be used during this healing period to maintain aesthetics and function​ (Northwell)​​ (Stanford University)​.
7. Abutment Placement
Once osseointegration is complete, a second minor surgery may be needed to place an abutment - often surgery is done as single surgery, therefore this step is not always needed
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Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is used again.
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Incision: The gum is reopened to expose the implant.
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Abutment Attachment: The abutment, a small connector, is attached to the implant.
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Healing Cap: A healing cap may be placed on top of the abutment to guide the healing of the gum tissue around it.
8. Final Restoration
After the gum has healed around the abutment (usually 1-2 weeks), the final step involves placing the permanent crown:
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Impression: A mould or digital scan of your teeth is taken to create a custom crown.
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Crown Placement: The custom-made crown is attached to the abutment and adjusted for fit and bite.
9. Follow-Up and Maintenance
Regular follow-up visits are essential to ensure the implant is functioning correctly and to address any issues. Good oral hygiene practices, including brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups, are crucial to the longevity of the implant​ (UIC College of Dentistry)​​ (URMC Rochester)​.
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Sources:
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University of Illinois Chicago, College of Dentistry: Guide to Dental Implants
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University of Rochester Medical Center: Dental Implants - Health Encyclopedia
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Stanford University: Health Benefits of Dental Implants